[Deathwatch] Walter Cronkite, former CBS news anchor, 92

[Deathwatch Central]

Former CBS anchor 'Uncle Walter' Cronkite dead at 92
http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/07/17/walter.cronkite.dead/index.html

(CNN) -- Walter Cronkite, the CBS anchorman known as "Uncle Walter" for
his easygoing, measured delivery and "the most trusted man in America"
for his rectitude and gravitas, died Friday night in his New York home,
CBS reported.

 Cronkite was 92.

"Walter was always more than just an anchor. He was someone we could
trust to guide us through the most important issues of the day; a voice
of certainty in an uncertain world," President Obama said in a
statement Friday.

"He was family. He invited us to believe in him, and he never let us
down. This country has lost an icon and a dear friend, and he will be
truly missed."

His career spanned much of the 20th century, as well as the first
decade of the 21st.

 The native of St. Joseph, Missouri, broke in as a newspaper journalist
while in college, switched over to radio announcing in 1935, joined the
United Press wire service by the end of the decade and jumped to CBS
and its nascent television news division in 1950.

He also made his mark as an Internet contributor in his later years
with a handful of columns for the Huffington Post.

"He was the consummate television newsman," Don Hewitt, the onetime
executive producer of the "CBS Evening News," told CNN. "He had all the
credentials to be a writer, an editor, a broadcaster. There was only
one Walter Cronkite, and there may never be another one."

 Cronkite covered World War II's Battle of the Bulge, the Nuremberg
trials, several presidential elections, moon landings, the
assassination of President John F. Kennedy and the Watergate scandal of
President Richard Nixon's administration.

At times he even made news: A 1977 question to then-Egyptian President
Anwar Sadat about Sadat's intent to go to Israel -- at the time
considered a nonstarter because of the lack of a treaty between the two
countries -- received a surprising "yes" from the Egyptian leader.

Soon after, Sadat traveled to Jerusalem, a trip that eventually led to
the Camp David Accords, which included a peace deal between Israel and
Egypt.

At his height of influence as CBS anchorman, Cronkite's judgment was
believed so important it could affect even presidents. In early 1968,
after the Tet Offensive, Cronkite traveled to Vietnam and gave a
critical editorial calling the Vietnam War "mired in stalemate."

Noting Cronkite's commentary, President Lyndon Johnson reportedly said,
"If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost Middle America." Johnson announced he
would not seek re-election less than two months later.

 Cronkite's own name was often floated as a presidential possibility --
wishful thinking on the part of some pundits, because Cronkite had
little desire to enter politics once he'd become a successful
anchorman.

He became, however, an outspoken critic of what he saw as flaws in
government and broadcast journalism. He disliked the current war in
Iraq, telling Esquire magazine, "Indeed, we are in another Vietnam.
Almost play by play. It's a terrible mistake that we're in Iraq, and
it's a terrible mistake to insist on staying there."

And he disliked the corporatization of news.

"The nation whose population depends on the explosively compressed
headline service of television news can expect to be exploited by the
demagogues and dictators who prey upon the semi-informed," he wrote in
his 1996 memoir, "A Reporter's Life."

In a 2005 interview with CNN's Wolf Blitzer, he observed, "The
misfortune with broadcasting today is that all -- even including your
network, which is dedicated to the news -- do not take enough time to
give us all of the facts and the background."

"Walter was truly the father of television news. The trust that viewers
placed in him was based on the recognition of his fairness, honesty and
strict objectivity," said "60 Minutes" correspondent Morley Safer in a
statement.

"And of course, his long experience as a shoe-leather reporter covering
everything from local politics to World War II and its aftermath in the
Soviet Union."

Mike Wallace, "60 Minutes" correspondent emeritus, said simply: "We
were proud to work with him -- for him -- we loved him."

 Premiere journalist of 20th century is born

Walter Leland Cronkite Jr. was born in St. Joseph, Missouri, on
November 4, 1916. His father was a dentist, and Cronkite, who admired
the man greatly, grew his famous mustache in emulation of his father.

The family moved to Kansas City soon after, and when he was 10, moved
again to Houston, Texas. He remembered being attached to news at an
early age, from delivering newspapers to starting a high school
publication. Cronkite attended the University of Texas in Austin, but
dropped out of college in 1935 after gaining a full-time job as a
newspaper reporter.

He moved to Kansas City for a radio job at KCMO, where he was famed for
his broadcasts of football game recreations. He would use wire reports
about football games to broadcast what sounded like live, play-by-play
commentary on the match.

It was in Kansas City that he also met his future wife, Betsy Maxwell,
in the summer of 1936. The two married in 1940 and enjoyed almost 65
years of marriage. Betsy Cronkite died in 2005.

"She was one of the most beautiful people I ever saw in my life," he
said in a PBS special. "I saw her for the first time ... coming down
the hall ... and I fell in love before I ever knew her name, or what
she did, or if I whether I would ever see her again in life."

Cronkite had a short stint with the United Press in 1937 -- "the KCMO
experience," he wrote in "A Reporter's Life," "had cooled any thought I
had that radio might be an interesting medium in which to practice
journalism" -- but nevertheless, he joined an Oklahoma City station
within a year to broadcast University of Oklahoma football games. After
a detour with Braniff Airlines, he went back to the UP and the
newspaper reporting he loved.

In 1942, after the United States' entry into World War II, he became a
war correspondent, part of an elite corps of correspondents dubbed "the
Writing 69th." As part of that unit, he accompanied a bomber on D-Day
(the mission was thwarted by cloud cover) and flew on a number of
dangerous sorties. After the war, he became the chief UP correspondent
at the Nuremberg Trials for war crimes. He was widely admired; CBS
tried to lure him into its Edward R. Murrow-led fold during the war,
but Cronkite preferred being a newspaperman.

 Cronkite opened UP's Moscow, Russia, bureau after the war, but when
the wire service tightened up on his salary in 1948, he decided to go
back to radio at the urging of a friend who owned a radio station. He
was the Washington correspondent for a radio group. Two years later,
CBS came calling again, and this time Cronkite took the network up on
its offer.

Into television news

But now the medium was television. Cronkite became the anchor of
WTOP-TV, armed with little more than wire reports and his own skills,
he recalled in his memoir.

Two years later, he broke into the national consciousness with his work
at the 1952 political conventions, serving as CBS' "anchorman" -- a
word coined to describe Cronkite's role as point person for the
network's correspondents. Though there's some dispute as to who coined
the word, Cronkite's influence was noted: in Sweden at the time, he
recalled, anchormen were called "cronkiters."

But CBS News had a deep bench. The division was led by Murrow
throughout the 1950s, and a number of other famous names -- Eric
Sevareid, Douglas Edwards, Howard K. Smith -- were part of the team.
Cronkite distinguished himself as CBS' lead space reporter as the
United States and Soviet Union launched the space race. He never lost
his taste for the beat, working with CNN on shuttle launches as
recently as John Glenn's return mission in 1998.

In 1962, Cronkite took over as anchor of CBS' "Evening News" from
Edwards. Television news was still in its infancy; the broadcast
Cronkite delivered was 15 minutes long, dependent on sometimes day-old
film, and in black and white. But with the Cold War, civil rights
movement and the increasing rapidity of communications, the news
business was changing. On September 2, 1963 -- Labor Day -- Cronkite's
broadcast became a half-hour; the centerpiece was an extended interview
with President John F. Kennedy.

 A little less than three months later, Kennedy was assassinated.
Cronkite's coverage of that event, including a rare display of emotion
on camera -- as he broadcast the news of Kennedy's death from the CBS
newsroom -- helped cement his status.

However, for the first half of the 1960s, Cronkite's broadcast was No.
2 to NBC's "Huntley-Brinkley Report," hosted by Chet Huntley and David
Brinkley. It wasn't until later in the decade that Cronkite and CBS
overtook the NBC team for the No. 1 position, a mark it would hold for
the rest of Cronkite's 19-year tenure.

"Uncle Walter" increasingly became the most-admired figure in the news
media. His sign-off, "And that's the way it is," became a national
catch-phrase. His coverage of moon missions was legendary, with his
ability to anchor, unperturbed, for hour upon hour, earning him the
affectionate nickname "Old Iron Pants."

 Another rare example of Cronkite showing emotion on air was the joy he
expressed at Apollo 11's 1969 moon landing: "Man on the moon!" he
exulted, rubbing his hands in delight.

'Most trusted man in America'

In 1972, a poll named him "the most trusted man in America." The
anchorman had been one of the few TV journalists to note the import of
Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein's reporting on Watergate and helped
prompt CBS into following the story aggressively.

The network broadcast two extended segments on the affair just before
the 1972 election. Cronkite was helped immensely by CBS' then White
House correspondent, Dan Rather, who became one of Nixon's least
favorite reporters with his determined questioning at White House press
conferences.

Rather's and Cronkite's lives would cross again several years later. By
the end of the 1970s, television news had become news itself, with
Barbara Walters' million-dollar ABC contract in 1976 making headlines.
The race to succeed Cronkite, who was nearing 65 and announced his
forthcoming retirement in 1980, became a national focus.

 In the end, Rather won the battle to succeed Cronkite over Roger Mudd,
who was Cronkite's regular fill-in. Cronkite gave his last "Evening
News" broadcast on March 6, 1981. His successor had a number of
up-and-down years, which Cronkite watched from a distance. The two
anchors were not "especially chummy," Cronkite once said.

In his later years, Cronkite -- who became a CBS board member --
distinguished himself with various news specials, but was disappointed
he wasn't allowed to take a greater role at CBS.

"I want to say that probably 24 hours after I told CBS that I was
stepping down at my 65th birthday, I was already regretting it. And I
regretted it every day since," he once said.

He had planned to do documentaries for the network, as well as continue
his summer science series "Walter Cronkite's Universe," but the series
was canceled in 1982, and CBS was devoting fewer resources to
documentaries. He also stayed physically active, an energetic tennis
player and sailor.

Cronkite received dozens of awards during his life, including a number
of Emmys and Peabodys. In 1981, he was awarded the nation's highest
civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, by Jimmy Carter.

He also played himself in movies and on TV, including memorable
episodes of "The Mary Tyler Moore Show" and "Murphy Brown."

But he never lost his zest for reporting, nor his opinions about the
news media. His daughter, Kathy, played a Patty Hearst-like character
in the scabrous 1976 movie "Network," a film Cronkite said "was all
comedy" to him, though he shared beliefs in its message. He disparaged
what he called "fluff" and constantly exhorted news departments to
focus on hard news -- without opinion.

 "Our job is only to hold up the mirror -- to tell and show the public
what has happened," he once said.

Cronkite is survived by his three children, Nancy, Kathy and Walter III
"Chip"; and four grandchildren.

Many thanks to TheLenGuy for posting this obituary